How much energy and protein are needed in chicken broiler feed pellets?

As we all know, raising broilers requires compound feed with reasonable proportions and complete functions. In the design of broiler feed ratio, farmers must pay full attention to the dialectical relationship of various nutritional elements and pay attention to the balance between the various components in order to formulate a balanced nutritional, affordable, and competitive compound feed.

Energy is the material basis for broiler's life activities. The main source of energy is carbohydrate, fat and protein in chicken broiler feed. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins contain different calories. The average calorie measured in the calorimeter is: 17.4 kJ per gram of carbohydrate, 23.6 kJ of protein, and 39.3 kJ of fat. Comprehensive comparison, the most economical energy source is carbohydrates, and the most expensive energy source is protein. Although the calories released by protein in the metabolic process are higher than carbohydrates, the price of protein raw materials is higher, and protein has a more important role than the release of calories. It is not only the basic material of somatic cells, but also various enzymes and hormones. raw material. Therefore, using protein as an energy source is a waste of nutrients and will increase feeding costs.

Broilers take feed first to meet their energy requirements, and stop eating when the energy is met. If there is insufficient energy in the diet, the broiler intake will increase, and the intake of too much protein will exceed the nutritional requirements, and then the protein will be broken down to meet the energy needs, resulting in protein waste. If the energy in the diet is too high, the broiler's feed intake will be significantly reduced under the premise of meeting the energy demand, which will result in insufficient protein intake and affect growth and development.

Therefore, the content of essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals in the diet should be matched with energy to achieve the goal of low consumption and high yield. In principle, the balance between energy and protein in broiler diets is: 0 to 4 weeks of age, metabolizable energy 12.13 MJ/kg, crude protein 21%; 5 weeks of age to appear, metabolizable energy 12.55 MJ/kg, crude protein 19%. This ratio can satisfy the energy and protein needs of broilers.

The feed intake of broilers is not only related to the metabolic energy content in the diet, but also related to the temperature conditions in the house. Under suitable temperature conditions, the feed intake of broilers fluctuates the least. Under low temperature conditions, in order to maintain a constant body temperature, broiler chickens have an increased demand for energy, and the total feed intake will increase accordingly. In addition, broiler chickens need to gain weight quickly during the fattening period, and their demand for dietary energy will also increase significantly.

Under the conditions of increased energy requirements and total feed intake, in order to prevent losses caused by excessive protein intake, the dietary energy level can be appropriately increased. Fat has the highest calories. In the cold winter season or the fattening period of broilers, 1% to 5% of fat can be added to the diet. The optimal amount of fat in broiler diets is 0.5% in the early stage and can be increased to 5% to 6% in the later stage.

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