What points should be paid attention to when purchasing equipment on a pig farm?
The pig house is small and the climate should be stable and not affected by changes in outside temperature. Therefore, the pig house should be equipped with some heating and ventilation and cooling equipment to ensure the normal and healthy growth and production of the pigs. Pay attention to the environmental sanitation in the pig house, and disinfect the equipment such as piglet troughs, automatic feeding troughs, and sow troughs in time.
1. Heating equipment
Pig house heating is divided into central heating and local heating. Central heating uses a central heating device to generate heat medium, and then transport the heat medium to the radiator in the pig house through pipes, heat the air in the pig house, and maintain the proper temperature in the pig house. Local heating includes hot water heating floor, electric heating plate, infrared lamp, etc.
2. Ventilation equipment
Ventilators suitable for pig farms are mostly large-diameter, low-speed, low-power ventilators. This type of fan has large ventilation, low noise, low power consumption and durability.
Ventilation should pay attention to the following issues:
(1) Avoid short-circuiting the ventilation of the fan. The fan must not be installed on the wall. The door is below to make the air flow short-circuit;
(2) If a single-sided exhaust is used, the exhaust outlets of adjacent pig houses on both sides should be set on the opposite side to prevent the exhausted air from being sucked in by another pig house immediately;
(3) Try to make the air flow through most of the space in the pig house, especially on the manure ditch, so as not to cause dead corners to achieve the purpose of ventilation.
3. Cooling pig farm equipment
Although ventilation is an effective means of cooling, it can only reduce the house temperature to close to the ambient temperature outside the house. When the ambient temperature outside the house is greater than the maximum limit temperature of pig production (27~30℃), At the same time of ventilation, cooling measures should be taken to ensure that the house temperature is controlled within an appropriate range.
Now the commonly used cooling systems in pig farms include wet curtain-fan cooling system, spray cooling system, spray cooling system and drip cooling system. Because the latter three cooling systems have high humidity, they are not suitable for farrowing houses and breeding houses. The wet curtain-fan cooling system is currently the most mature evaporative cooling system. Its evaporative cooling efficiency can reach 75~90%, and it has gradually been widely used all over the world.
4. Disinfection equipment
The commonly used on-site cleaning and disinfection equipment for pig farms are high-pressure cleaners, flame disinfection and knapsack sprayers. The flame sterilizer is used in conjunction with drug disinfection to have the best effect. After the drug is used for disinfection, the flame sterilizer is used for disinfection, and the sterilization can reach more than 95%.
5. Cleaning equipment
In modern pig farms, in order to keep the pens clean and hygienic and reduce manual cleaning, feces leaking floors are generally laid on the feces and urine ditch. After pigs defecate and urinate on the feces leaking floor, urine flows into the feces ditch through the gaps, and the feces fall on On the leakage floor, it will automatically fall into the ditch below after being stepped on, so as to avoid contact between pigs and feces, which is beneficial to prevent and reduce the occurrence of epidemics.
According to the laying range in the pig pen, the slatted floor can be divided into two forms: full leakage and partial leakage. The farrowing pen and nursery pen raised on the high bed should adopt the full leakage floor and raise on the ground. The pigpen generally adopts partial leakage floor (1/3~1/2 leakage floor). The draining pond area for pigs is a leakage floor, while the feeding and resting area is a solid ground.
The key technical parameter of dung leakage floor is the width of dung leakage. If the slat width is too small, the rate of dung leakage is low and the effect of dung leakage is poor; the width is too large, causing the pig's feet to slip into the slat and causing serious hoof leg injuries. . Fecal leakage floors come in various shapes, generally made of blocks, strips or nets. The materials used are cement, metal, plastic, etc.
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