Vitamins must be added to broiler feed pellet. However, there is a subtle dialectical relationship between mineral elements and vitamins in diets. Chicken farmers must understand and use them flexibly in production practices. For example, vitamin E and selenium, niacin and manganese all have a synergistic effect; zinc can promote the conversion of carotene into vitamin A, and can also enhance the body's ability to accumulate vitamin A; vitamin C can promote the absorption of iron in the intestine; supplement vitamin C It can eliminate the adverse effects caused by excessive copper in the feed; Vitamin B12 contains cobalt, which has a similar effect to cobalt.
The absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus are directly related to vitamin D. Vitamin D is a steroid derivative and can be synthesized in broiler chickens, but its synthesis raw materials are closely related to lipids. When the lipids in the fat are lacking, the synthesis of vitamin D is restricted, which will cause difficulty in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and it is prone to rickets and rickets, with symptoms of paralysis. At the same time, sterols are the raw material for the body to synthesize many hormones, and the healthy growth of broilers cannot do without these hormones. Therefore, the broiler diet should be equipped with sufficient minerals and vitamins. At the same time, the fat content should also be considered.
There are relatively few microorganisms in the digestive tract of broilers, and most vitamins cannot be synthesized in the body. Although some can be synthesized, they cannot meet the needs of the body's growth and development and must be taken from feed. There are 13 vitamins that broilers must take in their diets. Among them, fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K, and water-soluble vitamins include thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and pyridine. 9 kinds of pyridine, pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, folic acid, vitamin B12, etc. Among them, the three vitamins that broilers are most likely to lack are vitamin A, vitamin B2, and vitamin D3; thiamine and pyridoxine are rich in feed and do not need to be added in the diet.
The vitamin requirements of broilers vary according to the target requirements for market weight, product form, feeding age and feed efficiency. For reducing stress and bleeding, 0.4 mg of vitamin K3 per kilogram of diet can be added to broiler chickens 2 days before and after the beak. Vitamin C can be synthesized in the body of broiler chickens and is generally not deficient. However, under high temperature and adversity conditions, broiler chickens are prone to stress reaction, and the demand for vitamin C increases.
In order to prevent heat stress and maintain normal metabolism, it can be used per kilogram day 1.5 to 2 grams of vitamin C is added to the diet, and vitamin E or vitamin B12 can also be added to the diet. Without using vitamins, adding trace elements such as selenium, copper, zinc to broiler diets also has the effect of preventing heat stress, especially after adding organic selenium (selenium yeast), not only can effectively prevent chronic heat stress, but also broilers The weight, feed conversion rate, survival rate and total eviscerated weight of the animal can be improved, and the economic benefits are obvious.
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